The Significance of Land to the Dreaming for Aboriginal...

â€Å"When you sit in your own country, your spirits lift and you are again truly back to the land where things make sense and your life has meaning† – Galarruy Yunupingu. Hello and welcome to ST Leo’s justice group my name is charbel saliba and I will be talking to you about aboriginal dreaming and land rights. The quote I said earlier was a spiritual view of life based on the dreaming which cannot be separated from the land; that is why the aboriginal people’s connection towards the land is inexorable. The two are intertwined; to separate them would be impossible, one would not work without the other thus they are just as important. The land is used as a physical link between human beings and all that is unseen and eternal. It creates a†¦show more content†¦Around the middle of the 20th century, however, many reserves were closed due to overcrowding and increasing maintenance expenses. Aboriginal people were forced into cities and towns where they were had no other option but to live on the outskirts, or in public housing. A perfect example of separation and dispossession is the stolen generation. The stolen generation is a term used to describe the indigenous children that were taken away from their families and their land by the Australian federal government. The stolen generation has grown up without any family ties or cultural identity. This may create social and financial disadvantages, feelings and insecurity, low self-esteem, depression, violence, suicide, abuse of alcohol and other drugs, crime and a general lack of trust. In each instance the individual has been separated from family, it also means a fracturing of their identity. The Identity of Aboriginal people links family and land. The land connection is like a bond to family in a parental capacity; the land is our mother and deserves our respect. Separation from family is also separation from cultural belonging. The family is there to reiterate identity and culture. Separation from the aboriginals and the land meant that cultural practices and ceremonies linked with the dreaming and land could not be carried out. I am going to conclude my speech by saying that the aboriginal people and the land are 1 and when separated they become useless becauseShow MoreRelatedAn Indigenous understanding of Reciprocity3568 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿Reciprocity is an underlying principle expressed throughout Aboriginal societies. Outline and illustrate the importance of this fundamental concept in the economic, social, spiritual and political spheres of Aboriginal life (refer to reciprocity in the index to Edwards 2005). The word ‘reciprocity’1 conjures up a feel good image of ‘caring and sharing’ (Schwab 1995: 8). 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The current version has been significantly revised. If you would like to suggest changes to the text, the author would appreciate your writing to him at dowden@csus.edu. iv Praise Comments on the earlier

Symbolism In Macbeth - 1097 Words

In William Shakespeares Macbeth, symbolism plays a prominent role to emphasize the theme of corruption of power. Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphasize the theme of corruption of power. The image of blood plays an important role throughout Macbeth. Blood represents the murders that Macbeth had committed, the guilt that went along with the murders and the pain that it brought on him during his downfall. The soldier describes the†¦show more content†¦In Macbeth, light represents the good while the darkness symbolised the evil within the play. At some point in during the time Macbeth was written, the king was usually associated with the sunset. In the play, the witches pronounce, When shall we three meet again, When the battles lost and won. That will be ere the set of the sun. (I. i. 1, 4, 5) This foreshadows the death of King Duncan. Throughout the play, there is continuous contrast of light and dark imagery. Ross says, And yet dark night strangles the travelling lamp. (II. iv. 8) This shows how evil will overcome Macbeths moral conscience and this foreshadows Macbeths transformation from a good captain to an evil, ambitious leader. Throughout the play, the events of corruption and unusualness occur at night. The murder of King Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeths sleepwalking, and the witches, all take place at night. Stars, hide your fires; Let not light see my black and deep desires. (I. iv. 50-51) demonstrates Macbeths step toward evil as he talks about the murder of King Duncan. During Lady Macbeths scene in which she is sleepwalking, there is epitome of the light and darkness symbol contrast. She has her light by her continually; ‘tis her command. (V. i. 19), symbolizes the fear Lady Macbeth now has for the darkness and evil. She had once desired the darkness but she now carries the candle, light, to drive out the darkness. During the murders, there was aShow MoreRelatedSymbolism In Macbeth1622 Words   |  7 PagesIn William Shakespeares dramatic tragedy â€Å"Macbeth†, the historic playwright utilizes the play in order to convey a dark, dreadful, perception of life. As he highlights the inevitability of death and the tra gic, dark, and sometimes meaningless moments littered throughout it. This can be seen through numerous characters most vitally through Macbeth himself, but also through the fascinating character that is the Porter/Seyton. 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From the moment Macbeth murdered Duncan, the symbolism of blood represents throughout the play his conscience, his dynamic character change, and his and Lady Macbeth’s guiltRead MoreSymbolism Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1099 Words   |  5 Pages Macbeth draft In the tragic story of Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the blood takes an important role of symbolism because throughout the play the recurring image of blood is used as a symbol to demonstrate the constant feeling of guilt felt by the characters,ultimately leading to their endless feelings of fears and horror , and how blood reflects changes in Lady Macbeth and Macbeth’s characters .A symbol contains several layers of meaningRead MoreEssay on Images, Imagery, Symbols, and Symbolism in Macbeth1723 Words   |  7 PagesImagery and Symbolism in Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   With its eye-opening plot and interesting cast of characters, William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth is one of the greatest works one could ever read. But, above all, the aspect of the play is most impressive and overwhelming with imagery and symbolism that Shakespeare so brilliantly uses. 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Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphasize the theme of corruptionRead MoreSymbolism in Macbeth: Dagger, Ghosts, and Threes Essay1195 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the play Macbeth there have been many symbols that have been proven to be significant throughout the play. Of the many I will discuss the importance of The number three, the dagger, and Banquos ghost.They are all always lingering in the play but not expressed in literal terms. A symbol is using an object or action that means something more than its literal meaning These symbols role in Macbeth are to provide a g reater meaning to the play. 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William Shakespeare and Akira Kurasawa both address this theme of power corruption through the use of symbolism and emotion. While Throne of Blood is based off of Macbeth, it is portrayed very differently than the original text. The 1957 filmRead MoreBlood Imagery in Macbeth857 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare is legendary for his uses of symbolism. No other example is as evident as the bloody hands of Macbeth and his obsession with them. Macbeth has killed King Duncan and doesn’t stop there, he kills the guards making Duncan’s sons flee. This gives Macbeth the throne. However he becomes overwhelmed with the guilt. Shakespeare uses blood to show how it reminds Macbeth of the violent acts he has committed and how he has become obsessed with the blood on his hands. Initially the blood represents

Relational Theology of Creation

Question: Discuss about the Relational Theology of Creation. Answer: Introduction: This paper is based on evaluating Terence E.Fretheims God and the World in the Old Testament: a relational theology of creation (chapter 1 "Theological perspectives "). The main aspect of this article is to examine the fundamental issues that have been interpreted by the author in the creation part of the Old Testament. The article explains the meaning of the word creation. According to the author the internal metaphors include the shaping of the world as the womb of a mother. The world creation does not refer to formation of new things, but mainly to inform that cosmos does not exist, but it was created by God. There is a process through which creation is done that includes origination, continuing and completing (p. 4). The article provides the deep analysis of the creation (as a verb) found in Old Testament. The view presented by the author about God is displayed through the opinion that creation is connected as well open ended. The article has made the two substantial claims about the Old Testament. First is that creation is the indispensible foundation of the Old testament in terms of explaining redemption and salvation. The study explains that not only God is the main creator of the world before being a redeemer, but it also explains that redemption is very necessary for creation. The word creation used in the Old Testament is not just associated with the technicalities of the creation of world, but it is something created out of nothing. Creation is not just the matter of originating something, but it is the beginning of something more divine. The second substantial claim of the study is that God is not unaffected by the process of creation, rather he has a genuine relationship with what he has created. The chapter Theological Perspective is the presentation of the theological assumptions associated with creation. The chapter Theological Perspective presents the different understanding of the creation. Earlier my perspective towards creation was just that God created the earth, animals, and humans on earth to serve his purpose of letting others know about God. But, according to the study of Terence E. Fretheims God and the World in the Old Testament: a relational theology of creation, in the first chapter Theological Perspectives. The book of creation explains the divine relationship of God with humans. God has begun out of nothing and has included humans in the process of creation by giving them power to create their generations. So I learnt that creation is the openness of God and participation of the human in ongoing process of creation. The creation made by God is not the threat to the creator, or the one that must be defeated by the God, but the creation of God is something to be praised. The main aspect or the new information that I have gained through this chapter is that redemption and creation are associated with each other and creation is associated with the life that humans experience in real life. Bibliography Archer, Kenneth J. "GodCreation's Hope, CreationGod's Home: A Pentecostal Theological Response to Terence E. Fretheim's God and World in the Old Testament: A Relational Theology of Creation."Journal of Pentecostal Theology19, no. 2 (2010): 198-212. Brueggemann, Walter.Old Testament theology: an introduction. Abingdon Press, 2010. Stallman, Robert. "A Review of Terence E. Fretheim's God and World in the Old Testament: A Relational Theology of Creation."Journal of Pentecostal Theology19, no. 2 (2010): 183-189. Tilling, Chris.Paul's divine Christology. Mohr Siebeck, 2012.

The Use of Dark and Light Imagery free essay sample

The use of dark and light imagery in â€Å"The Outsider† and Woman at Point Zero† to convey change in mood and pace The use of dark and light imagery in â€Å"The Outsider† and Woman at Point Zero† to convey change in mood and pace In analyzing these two novels; ‘The Outsider’ and ‘Woman at Point Zero’, there is an obvious similarity. Both Albert Camus and Nawal El Saadawi, the authors of these two narratives, use dark and light imagery to change the mood and pace of their text. In ‘The outsider’, Mersault is notified of his mothers death. He attends her funeral, yet expresses none of the emotion typical and expected in such a circumstance. In the next few days, his neighbor, Raymond Sintes, along with Mersault’s girlfriend Marie, are invited to spend the day at a chalet, just outside their town. When Raymond, Mersault and Mason went for a walk along the beach, they were confronted by some Arabs who were seeking revenge of the fact that Raymond had hurt one of the Arab’s sister. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Dark and Light Imagery or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They confront Raymond and wound him with a knife. Later, walking on the beach alone, Mersault, now armed with a pistol, encounters the Arab friend and shoots him dead; the shooting is partly influenced by the suns glare. This is one of many examples that Albert Camus uses this kind of imagery when describing Mersault’s situation. Similarly, Nawal El Saadawi is a psychologist trying to learn the story of Firdaus while she is in prison awaiting execution. Firdaus then narrates the story of her life. She takes readers through her disorderly childhood, from being abused and witnessing the abuse of her mother by her father, to her mysterious female circumcision as a young woman. We are told that she is molested by her uncle, and the one person she loved, betrayed her. She is then exploited by pimps, and then the most cruel- the persistent taunting of men, women, and law enforcement- as she struggles to live an adult life she has been given no tools to live. Firdaus however, has a tendency to be observant of people’s eyes and focus on the black and white rings. Both these books use the different colors of dark and light, under different context, to bring about a certain pace and mood to the passage. At Mersaults’ mothers’ funeral, he describes the things he sees there as very bright and shiny. â€Å"It was a very bright room with whitewashed walls and a glass roof. [1] Also, â€Å"The lid was on, but a row of shiny screws, which hadn’t yet been tightened down, stood out against the walnut-stained wood. Near the coffin there was an Arab nurse in a white overall, with a brightly colored scarf on her head. †[2] These are both long sentences. This shows that the character is rambling and taking note of every little t hing in the room he is in. The fact that he doesn’t really relate to his mother’s death shows his type of character. He is very relaxed and nonchalant about the whole situation. At this moment, the pace is quick. He is only taking the necessary time he needs to make an observation about something and tell us about it. In a situation where everyone else is showing their emotional affectedness at the funeral, â€Å"she was crying regularly, in little sobs: I thought she was never going to stop. The others didn’t seem to notice,†[3] Mersault gets annoyed at the fact that other people are letting out their emotions. He starts to wonder why they start to cry and look at him. This shows that they are judging him because he doesn’t show emotion. However, Mersault does not seem to let this affect him. Instead he pays attention to another observation he makes, â€Å"What struck me the most about heir faces was that I couldn’t see their eyes, but only a faint glimmer among a nest of wrinkles. †[4] Again, reference to bright objects is made but this time he describes their faces. He does this hear to show how they feel about the scenario. The fact that they have a ‘faint glimmer’ shows that they are not happy. There is no ‘shine’ or ‘glow’ in their faces as a person would do if they were expressing some sort of joy. Later on, Mersault uses a different type of imagery which changes the pace. I understood mother. The evenings here must come as a kind of melancholy truce. But today, with the whole landscape flooded in sunshine and shimmering in the heat, it was inhospitable and depressing. †[5] This sentence fits the scene for a funeral. Reference to the sun, is a symbol of Meursaults repressed emotions. Further along, he begins , â€Å" all around me there was still the same luminous, sun drenched country side. †[6] He goes on to say, â€Å"The sun had burst open the tar. Our feet sank into it, leaving its shiny pulp exposed. † [7] in saying this, we see the powerfulness of the sun. This is noted because later on in the novel, more references to the sun is made which shows its affect on not only the outside world, in this case the tar, but to Mersault’s actions. He continues, â€Å"I felt a bit lost, which the blue and white sky overhead and these monotonous colors all around me- the sticky black tar, the dull black clothes and the shiny black hearse. And what with the sun and the smell of leather and horse-dung from the hearse, and the smell of varnish and incense and the sleepless night . I’d had, I was so tired that I could hardly see or think straight any more. [8] A pace is established through the chain of negative imagery used here. He feels very uncomfortable and ‘a bit lost’. Our emotions are moved by the pace because of the fact that it slows down. Mersault takes the time and effort to give every object at least two adjectives to describe them, both of them being negative. The sun is generally thought to be a positive thing. People tend to think of a bright, warm, sunny day as something good and positive. However, Mersault’s reference to the sun is the opposite. It brings about a negative effect on him. This could link to the fact that he is not like the general society as we have seen before. While others may relate heat and warmth to a feeling of security and peace, he sees it as an annoyance. At the chalet, while the Mersault was walking, this time alone, on the beach and he sees the Arab, Mersault bombards us with a vast amount of imagery. â€Å"But the whole beach was reverberating in the sun and pressing against me from behind. †[9] We can immediately note here that Mersaults makes reference to the sun so we can assume, something negative is going to happen. â€Å"The sun was beginning to burn my cheeks and I felt drops of sweat gathering my eyebrows. It was the same sun as on the day of mother’s funeral and again my forehead was hurting me most and all the veins were throbbing at once beneath the skin. And because I couldn’t stand this burning feeling any longer, I moved forward. I knew it was stupid and I wouldn’t get out of the sun with one step forward. And this time, without sitting up, the Arab drew his knife and held it out towards me in the sun. †[10] This is a key passage in which Albert Camus makes us go through emotions. The pace quickens as tension builds up. We see Mersaults’ feelings of pressure and emotional chaos. This strong imagery forces Mersault to fire and kill the Arab with a gun. What makes it worse is that he fires four more times to make sure the sun is dispelled for good. Once in jail, Mersault changes his views on both the sun, and on his view of life, which are similar. Mersault realizes that the sun and his life are both warm and do not have as negative of an effect on his life as he thought. He discovers that you assign meaning to your own life and that the sun does not need to be the one to blame for his emotions or his actions. He says, I moved closer to the window, and in the last light of day I gazed at my reflection one more time. The sun symbolized his emotions and inner-self. He would not have admired his own reflection earlier in the novel. In the book â€Å"Woman at Point Zero†, Firdaus takes great notice of people’s eyes. She uses the same phrases to describe their eyes. When she realizes that her mother has changed and was not the same person who used to help her when she needed it, she says â€Å"But when I used to look into her eyes I could feel she was not my mother. They were not eyes that held me up each time I was on the point of falling. †[11] She then takes note of the colors, â€Å"They were not the eyes that held me up each time I was on the point of falling. They were not two rings of pure white surrounding two circles of intense black, where the white would become even whiter, and the black even blacker every time I looked into them, as though the light of the sun or the moon kept flowing through them. †[12] In reading this passage we know that this person is her mother but her mother’s spirit was the one who had changed. It is as if it was broken and Firdaus did not feel love in her eyes. Another instance where she uses this is when she was sitting in the playground of her school all alone and her teacher Miss. Iqbal sat next to her and Firdaus says â€Å"I could see her black eyes wandering into the night, and the tears welling up in them with a glistening light. She tightened her lips and swallowed hard and suddenly the light in her eyes went out. Again and again they started to shine after a moment went out, like flames snuffed out in the night. †[13] Here, Firdaus gets a sense of unity and possibly love. The teacher had given Firdaus freedom to express herself before. After she says this about her teacher she repeats what she had said about her mothers’ eyes; â€Å"two rings of pure white, surrounding two circles of intense lack that looked out at me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ [14] Miss. Iqbal reminds Firdaus of her mothers’ eyes that used to show love for her. This is the first time she exchanges tenderness with another woman. We can conclude that Firdaus loves her on a spiritual level. The relationship she has is the most intimate because they are seen as equals even though on e is a student and the other a teacher. A third time she repeats this description is when she speaks to Ibrahim who was one of the employees who worked where Firdaus did. When they were alone together in the courtyard, she tells us â€Å"the sky above was enveloped in darkness with not a ray of light from sun or moon. My face turned towards his face, and my eyes looked into his. I could see two rings of pure white†¦ â€Å"[15] Since this account is talking about a male for a change, it illustrates that this is the first time Firdaus is experiencing love. Nawal El Saadawi creates a whole language of the eyes, which foreshadows some events, in this case love, which Firdaus experiences in different forms. When Firdaus mentions the black and white rings in peoples eyes it reveals that there is a different level of feeling for them. She uses the colors black and white, dark and light, to portray the changes of emotions that Firdaus goes through. Likewise, in the book ‘The outsider’ the descriptions of dark and light given to us by Albert Camus also revealed when there was a change of emotion in the protagonist.